How wind power grew in Pakistan
Pakistan installed small wind units in Sindh and Balochistan in the 1980s, but had no grid-connected wind farm by 2008. A 2006 policy focused on wind, and Sindh allocated land to developers in the Gharo-Keti Bandar corridor near Karachi. In April 2009 Turkey's Zorlu Enerji installed five 1.2 MW turbines at Jhimpir. It later expanded the farm to 56.4 MW with 28 Vestas turbines, reaching financial close in May 2012 with loans from the IFC and ADB.
The first tariffs failed to start building. Sponsors who accepted the regulator NEPRA's upfront tariff of 2006 pulled out in January 2007, and a target of 700 MW by 2010 was missed. NEPRA then set tariffs project by project, for Zorlu, FFC Energy and others. Four Chinese-financed farms of about 300 MW followed under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, with US$252m from China Development Bank. In January 2017 NEPRA ended upfront tariffs for wind in favour of competitive bidding.
By 2024, 36 projects with 1,845 MW had been commissioned. Wind generated 4,009 GWh in 2023, 3% of electricity. In the year to July 2024, NEPRA said wind dispatched about three-quarters of a projected 5.2 TWh, as weak demand, debt and transmission limits from Sindh held it back. In March 2026 the government approved revised agreements with 14 wind producers, saving about Rs117bn. The 2019 renewables policy targets 30% of generation by 2030, but the national capacity plan has wind at 1,942 MW by 2034.
Sources: Business Recorder · Dawn · Associated Press of Pakistan · Dawn · IRENA · Cipher News · Dawn · Enerdata
Where Pakistan's power comes from, 2025
| Source | Share of electricity |
|---|---|
| Hydro | 23.3% |
| Gas | 21.9% |
| Solar | 20.7% |
| Coal | 16.3% |
| Nuclear | 14.4% |
| Wind | 2.5% |
| Other fossil fuels | 0.7% |
| Bioenergy | 0.3% |
Wind farms in Pakistan
We track 38 wind farms in Pakistan: 1.9 GW operating and 0.7 GW under construction, consented or planned. Each one's owners, turbines and status are in the Wind app.
Electricity data: Ember yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0). Wind farms: national registers and Global Energy Monitor; see data sources.
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